PLN: A Monopoly Struggling with Profitability

Key Summary:
- Low margins despite monopoly control
- Oversupply has been dragging down earnings
- Under pressure of higher cost from renewables
Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN) is Indonesia's sole electricity buyer and distributor. Although there are positive reasons as to why this is allowed, lack of competition may lead to operating inefficiencies and one sided business decisions that impacts the general public.
Context: Despite its monopoly, PLN's profit margins of 2-5% are slightly below regional peers' at 5-10%, likely due to electricity oversupply, where PLN buys more than it sells.